Traction mechanism



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3mm@ 229 M2@ 3. @Hmmm @awww maximum Filed July 51, 1920 4 Sheets-SMM. 2

@H @jimi/0J mi @www June 29,1926. www3 C5. H. GELMAN TRCTION MECHANSM Filed July' 51, 1.920 ShaetswShea'; 4

Iwwnw @'mggelaw y y Patented .lune 29,

UN I T'ED S T i .1590,23 TENT er esoneri Le.' GILMAN, or Bossen, raesseoriosnrrs.

renoveren Mncirnlvrsivr..

eppiianon rues .my si, 192c\ serial. no. ecosse.

My invention teintes to gearing antiperticularly butnot exclusively to a reversible Ireduction gearingtor driving Wheeled ve hicles.

5 f .My invention will be best understood from the following drawings and description of Q one specific emhodiinent of iny invention ,submitted torillnstra-tine purposes, While its scope Will be more particularly pointedout' in the appendedclaims. i

in the drawings: i i

Figure. l shows an eleva-tion of thel submitted embodiment of my inventiomparts being shown in section; y 'y Fig. 2 is a plan of the snbmittedrenibodi# ment-of my invention. i

v Figs. 3 and respectively are sections on the lines 3-.-3 end t-(l oflig. 1.

Fig. oise section 'throughthe controlling valve.

'Figa 6 is asection on the line of Fig-5|; and i i jlFig.l Z is a section on the line" 7 of *Fig 5.. U y i t Referring to the drawings, ,l have shown part ci the ironie l of n mucizing nischins,V

which frame carries `a propelling nrotor and has jonrnalled thereon an. axle or shalt Stor the drivers e adapted torest upon and roll along the rails 5. lSlidably carried by Athe shaft are the isle'eves 6 and 7, the adje j cent 'portions oi' the sleeves ifixedly carryinpl thetootliedgcars 8 and 9. From the motor extends the driving' shaft l0 which I have shown provided withe suitable pinion lll.

' This pinionl connect to the sleeves by means i of differential gearingl which in the subL niitted embodiment ofiny invention is of the' plsneterytype. For this purpose I -proiride fr gear carrier niember 'l2 having orined on its periphery a toothed gear portion i3 in mesh with the teeth of the pinion, sndcsrried by this member are n plurality oi planetary members le rotatably support- `sired betiveennthe driving shaft l0 and the driven shlait 3, Whichratio of reduction will be dependent upon the speed of the motor 2 and the nature of the vehicle to which the gear is applied., For` a mocking machine this difference in rstiohnay be, for example, that resulting trom a difference in onev tooth between the gears 8 and 9 In order to canse the reduction gear to operate, l provide means for holding either of the gears 8" and 9 stationary and 'for connecting the other gear `in each case to the shaft For this purpose l'liave illustrated thelsleeves Sand l es 'provided With the double acting' i clutch `dnembers I18 and 19,

encliof which is provided With the oppo- Y sitely opposed conical clutch elements 2O and 2l. `The clutch elements 20 are adapted `to he moved into engagement with clutch ele Hments 22 carri ed by the shaft and the clutch elements 2l into engagement with. thesta` tionury clutch elements 23? `the latter of which' l have shown formed integrally with the halves 241 of the gear casing. Although l have shown the clutch members 18 and 19 formed integrally with the sleeves 6 end 7, underl which conditions the sleeves slide along the shaft when the clutch members are n'ioved, lit Will he understood that the clutch members may be otherwisesecured in drivingir relation to the sleeves. llt is to be also understood `that although l have shown for purposes of illustration conical friction clutches, other :forms ot friction clutches or posit-ive clutches may be substituted there for, 'lo Ypermit one sleeve or its associated clutch elements to niove a greater distance than the other in order to compensate for inaccuracies oit manufacture and for providing for a better operation oir'tlie clutch elements, l. inonnt one or more of the letter 'en'ibodinicnt of my invention, l hve shown the clutch elements 22 splinedto the shaft 3 by ineens ci keys 25 and resilieijitly posi-- tionedi'ivith relation to the shaft by ineens ot springs 26. For permitting relative roy tation between the springs and the clutch elements have shown the anti-riction thrust bearings 27 carried by the clnteh ele.

ments. i

and'to this' end in the submitted lll@ The gear casing as hereinbefore set forth is'made in two halves or sections2d. These sections are secured together hy holtel 38.

'The casing provides bearings 29 for the sheft l0 end prevented from rotating and is snp- 'i ported by any suitable means herein convenforwardly, the clutch members'ilS and 19 are slid tof;vr osition shown by Fig. 4 to bring the clutch e einnt 21 ofthe clutch member 18 into engagement with the Hated clutch element 23 and to bring the clutch element` 20 ot the clutch member 19 into engagement with the left hand clutch element 22 carried by the shaft. Underthese conditions, the gear 8` cannot rotate and the gear 9 is fixed to the shaft 3, consequently as the carrier 12 is being. revolved around the shaft by thamotor, the gear 9 revolves, its speed of revolution depending upon the diii'erence between the respective gear ratios of gear sets 8-16 and 9*-17. It it is desired to drive the vehicle backwards; the clutch members 18 and '19 are moved tocthe left as viewed in Fig. 1 in order toconnect the gear th with the shaft and to hold the gear 9 from turning'. Under these conditions', the shaft 3 is revolved in the opposite direction to that in which it is revolved with the pa rts in the position shown by Fig. ly and iit the difference in the ratios of the gear sets afforded by the gears 8-16 and 9-17 is but slight, 'the' 'forward and backward speeds are substantially equal. It is of course to be understood that I have used -the terms forward,and backward in their relative sense and whether the vehicle 1n any given extreme position of the clutches moves forwardly or baclrvvardly depends on the direction of rotation of the mot-or.

For operating the clutch members 18 andv 19 I have shown each provided with a. eroove 31 which receives the anti-friction rollers carried by the ends of the forks 33. For operating` the forks I connect the same respectively to opposite ends of the piston rod 34 4 of the piston 35 rccip'rocably mounted inithe cylinder 36 carried by the housing. The

cylinder 3G is provided with opposite heads,

37 through which the rods 34- eXtend and carried by the heads are guide members 38 which cooperate with the upstanding portions of the forks to prevent turning of the same. Surrounding the -rods and abutting the cylinder heads and the adjacent ends of the piston are springs 39 which normally eX- ert equal and opposite 'forces to hold the piston in its central position, under which conditions the clutch elements of neither the clutch members 18 nor 19 are in engagement with the other clutch elements. For insuring that the piston will come to rest in its central position, I provide a lock which in the submitted embodiment of my invention takes the form of a groove 40 formed on the exterior surface of the piston and a cooperating spring-pressed ball 41 carried by the cylinder. In an obvious manner, when the piston moves to its central-position, in which position the resultant force exerted by the oppositely acting springs 39 and 40 is negligible. the ball will be snapped into the groove and thus cause the piston to come to rest and be yieldingly held at its central position.

The piston I operate by `means ol fluid pressure and for this purpose I provide a valve adapted'to admit high pressure air into either of the pipes "42 or 43, the latter respectively communicating with the opposite cylinder ends` through ports 44 and 45. Preferably` the valve is so formed as normally to maintain both ends of the cylinder .in connection with the atmosphere or other v place of low whenhigh pressure air is admitted to either cylinder end by Way of the pipe 42 or 43, the opposite end is maintained in communication Withwthe place of low pressure in order that the piston may move, Referring to Figs. 5, 6 and 7 I haveshown mounted inconvenient relation to the? operator a standard 46 which carries a casing 47. Extending through this casing is an arbor 48 whichcarries the valves for operating the instrumentalities of the machine. The valve for operating the clutch is shown at 49. and is mounted to turn on the arbor and held in position relatively to the length of;` the arbor by v Suitable spacing sleeves;k 50. Other valves carried by the arbor areunnecessary to describe in this application as their specific details form no'. part of the present invention. v

lilxtendiimY through the` arbor mentioned above is a passage 51 to which is -connected a source of compressed air yor `other motive ytluid vand diametrically opposite to this passageis formed a second passage 52. in constant communication with the atmosphere or other place ot low pressure. Extending' through the arbor from the passages 5l and 52 to the exterior surface thereof Within the confines of the valve 49 are the respective passages 53 and 54. 'Formed in the arbor intermediate the passages 51 and l52 .are passages 55 and which rcspectively connect at one ond thereof with the pipes 42 and 43 leading to the clutch operatingr cylinder and at the other endopen by means ot ports 57 und 58v to the extrior Surface ot the arbor'in the saine. plane as the passages 53 and 54. The valve .has formed on its interior surface in. thesa'me'pl'ane as the passages 57 and 58 arcuate-grooves-,Q and 60. For holding thevalve'normally in the position Shown by Fig.

pressure. and is so formed that :itel7 rioting' springs ,til and `for turning is provided a. handle 62, ze 'normal position of the valve illus i by i3 nach end ot the cylinder is ieeed tothe placeojt low pressure by. the pip and 4,3, passages 55 and ze arcuate groove 60 and the passages I When the valve turned'in .er diri-notion rom its position shown by .A ot the passing; s 57' and .5S-is in communication with the nre, While such centesimi ii i' passage is interrupted. eonneei'ed to "the so'nroe ot' ft air by means of the groove 59 "i, passar s .f and 5i.

will he understood that, i. am not limfo tothe evian'ipie of the invention herein ribed, but, that Wide deviations may be therefrom withhold departing from the i, oli the, invention. aims;

.li shaft9 a pair oit' gears coaxial 'therea dris log' membeqdit'erential gearing meeting each tif-said 4@gears to said drivmember, said grating comprising a earrier surrounding said al being supported thereby` d gear earrier; clutch eleeine,

'y said housing, by said. shaft aid pair ofgrears, those of est n'. I vbeing adap id to engagea eioher oi the tinto ist named; and n 'for shitting' dutch elements oary the gears in the saine direction to either the gears of saidfpair to be con erted to the housing and the other in eaeli oase the shaft.. e Y i wearing, a driving. member, a i dri" n meunier? a pair of aligned gears, av gfnralitfv' o? soaeed gears inniosh .with each of said aligned g nis, said sparedgears,in'v pans rotating in unison and 'orovidlino' with 4V said aligned gears geareets 'of-"diilferent ratio a carrier for said spaoedgears'snpported by such gears on said aligney l gears and (-.nicentrically with thelatter, Ameans connecting said carrier to said driving member, and ineens for preventingrotation .5@ of either oi vsaid aligned. and `for con neel-ing the other in each oase to drive said driven member. 1:"

Si. A. shaft, a pair of coaxialfthere with, a drivin. member, differential gearing eonneetini; eacn of said. gears 'to said driveing; member,r saidv gearing Comprising ak .planetary gear Carrier snrioiiiadiigif'-said fpair ot gears and "supported thereby, a Chousing` 'for said gear oariier7 said lionsing holrlingsaifl carrier from displacement lon-` gitudinally ot' said shaft.; Clutch elements carried by'said l'ioiisine, by said shaft andil of gears, those ot they by each ol said pair last named being adapted to engage tl'iosei of eithe` of the two hrstnamed; and 'means for operatingsaid clutch elements to Cause yeither o'lhthe oears of said pair to be connected to said housing and-the other in eavh oase `to said shalt.

el. A shaft; sleeves slidably and rotatably n'lonnted on said shaft: gears carried by said sleeves at their adjacent ends: planet- "a'ry gear members meshing' with the `gears on said sleeves; a tarrier for said planetary gears having openings through Whloh said sleeves project; a Casin-g for said carrie-r;

clutch elements Carried lis. said Casing, said shaft. and said sleeves; and means for vsininhoaneonsly sliding", said sleeves to clutch one to said shaft and the other to said casing.

5. A shalji't; sleeves slidably.end rotatahly mounted on said shaft; gears oaiiried by said sleeves at their adjarent ends; planet-- ary gear members meshing with the gears on said sleeves; a carrier for said planetary gears haring openings of larger diameter than said sleeves and through which said sleeves project; a easing for said carrier;-

olnteh elements Carried by said casing,V said fhat't.- and said sleeve; and means for simultaneously sliding said sleeves to clutili means Coni'iecting said4 elements to said pair' of gears, meansspliningtho clutch elements earriedMhy the shaft thereto 'for yieldlng movement loi'igitndinally of saidshaiit, and

means for n'ioving the double .aoting clutch elementsinto and out of engagement with the other clutch elements. l

7.1Thecombination with .a gearing mech anism having three positions, of operating means therefor having like positions, said operating means comprising an expansible chamber fluid motor device having a movable Wall, means for exerting equal and'opposits forces to hold said Wall in an intermediate positiom'fluid pressure means foramplifyingeither of said f @es to overcomevr K sernvementeof... saidwall, and means forengaging said. Wall the other, whereby Yt6V fol" -locking it in position. l

8. The combination witha gearing-noeehanism havinghree positions, of operating means therefor having like positions, said liti operating means comprising an expansible chamber inid motor devioehaving a movn able Wall, means for normally holding; said. Wall in one poste-1.0115 fluid pressure control- 

